Free Essays on Psychology

there is a gender difference. Some of these findings will also be adressed. The average time required for an adult to mentally rotate an image in their head is roughly one second to every 50 degrees of rotation when it is a mirrored image. Pedro Longoria 3 Mental Rotation of Images Research conducted by Voyer, Rodgers and McCormick (2004) suggest that gender plays an important role in predicting how fast an individual will react when presented an image to rotate, or simply having the participant close his eyes and walk in order to lose his/her self awareness of space, location and direction. They found that males take less into consideration timing conditions, and are more relaxed and feel less pressured to respond. These experimenters conducted their study using the 3-D MRT developed by Vandenberg and Kuse (1978) which is used across most mental rotation studies. Males show advantage across all menta... Free Essays on Psychology Free Essays on Psychology Psychology is the very important perspective for human nature. It is very much important for the individual environment. â€Å"Psychology is very much a product of the Western tradition. Whereas a new psychology of the year 2000 contains both the eastern as well as the Western tradition†(Frey,04/06). Psychologists call a person’s self concepts it includes what a person perceives from the person’s self-concept attitudes. It’s related to Psyche means the integrate part of human mind motion connected to those with bodily concepts. â€Å"It however reflects true relationship with the mind-body concept. ATTITUDES AND SOCIAL COGNITION addresses those domains of social behavior in which cognition plays a major role, including the interface of cognition with overt behavior, affect, and motivation.†(Primis,119). Major perspectives in psychology at this point includes psychoanalysis, humanism and sociobiology. Now, what’s the concept of psychoanalysis is also a very important perspective. â€Å"As a therapy, psychoanalysis is based on observation that individuals are often unaware of many of the factors that determine their emotions and behavior.†(Frey,04/06). â€Å"It is, in addition, a method for learning about the mind, and also a theory, a way of understanding the processes of normal everyday mental functioning and the stages of normal development from infancy to old age.†(psychology.com). â€Å"Furthermore, since psychoanalysis seeks to explain how the human mind works, it contributes insight into whatever the human mind produces.†(apa.org) Sigmund Freud was the first psychoanalyst.†Many of his insights into the human mind, which seemed so revolutionary at the turn of the century, are now widely accepted by most schools of psychological thought. Although others before and during his time had begun to recognize the role of unconscious mental activity, †Freud was the preeminent pioneer in understanding its importance. Although his i... Free Essays on Psychology An oppressive system can work in different ways to achieve the same outcome, create inequalities of power. At the micro level, the media can play a huge role in how minorities are viewed. For example, for years the media influenced how people viewed slavery. While the abolitionists fought to destroy slavery, those for it used the media to promote slavery as a good thing. The Jim Crow persona depicted black males as drunken, happy buffoons that had no real purpose. Although it started as a stage comedy act, it quickly spread nation-wide and became a character in shows and movies that white people came to assume of black African Americans. The media can provide misleading images of minorities. For example, sixty percent of photographs and video footage covering poverty depict African Americans although only 29% of the African American population are poor. Due to these misrepresentations, citizens usually overestimate the proportion of poor African Americans. Also, Latinos are usually portrayed as criminals. At a locality level, the neighborhood or community can display system of oppression. Surveys display that African Americans prefer to live in racially integrated neighborhoods more than Whites do. In fact, some studies display that most White residents have a comfort level with racial integration where the minorities cannot portray more than 8% of the community. After that proportion exceeds it is likely they will move and the neighborhood will become mostly minority. In the article it states that predominantly low-income African American communities have a big share of liquor stores indicating that its residents are at an increased risk of alcohol consumption and alcohol related health problems. Drug related homocide is the number one cause of death among African Americans between 15-24 years of age (Haynes et al.,p. 145). According to the article, increased availability of crack cocaine, drug dealing and increased a... Free Essays on Psychology Abstract Previous research on the mental rotation has shown that it requires cognitive resources to mentally rotate images, words and symbols to name a few. This Mental Rotation test basically can measure how fast and accurate a person can react when presented an image that is either mirrored or not, these two conditions of the independent variable and its angle of rotation determine the accuracy and brief time response. The supported hypothesis states that if an individual is given an image to rotate mentally (imaginal) it will take longer to respond if that image is not mirrored, a mean average of 2.840 milliseconds with its rotation angle varied compared to the non mirrored condition with 3.220 milliseconds. The results found during this experiment were consistent with the previously stated hypothesis. Other findigs suggest that males have an advantage over females with mental rotation tests, in other words there is a gender difference. Some of these findings will also be adressed. The average time required for an adult to mentally rotate an image in their head is roughly one second to every 50 degrees of rotation when it is a mirrored image. Pedro Longoria 3 Mental Rotation of Images Research conducted by Voyer, Rodgers and McCormick (2004) suggest that gender plays an important role in predicting how fast an individual will react when presented an image to rotate, or simply having the participant close his eyes and walk in order to lose his/her self awareness of space, location and direction. They found that males take less into consideration timing conditions, and are more relaxed and feel less pressured to respond. These experimenters conducted their study using the 3-D MRT developed by Vandenberg and Kuse (1978) which is used across most mental rotation studies. Males show advantage across all menta... Free Essays on Psychology In section IV of Penà ©es by Blaise Pascal. The belief of God is discussed. One usually tries to use acts of nature as a proof of the existence of God, whether or not these acts can be explained from a scientifically expressed definition. Pascal finds this somewhat amusing but not surprising. He goes on to say that if these arguments were explained to the faithful or even ones who are looking for proof they will of course accept these arguments as valid proof. On the other had one who does not have faith or is losing faith will not be so easy to convince. Giving these people who have lost faith an argument which is suppose to prove God exists, which only focuses on the works of nature would not be concrete evidence that there is a God. It is when scriptures are brought into play that one can give a better understanding and argument to what is of the nature of God. This being because scripture has a better knowledge to what things are of God and how to find God. For scriptures say those who seek God find Him. Pascal says there are three sources of belief: reason, custom and inspiration. If you look at the Christian religion as said by Pascal, â€Å"†¦ Which alone has reason, does not acknowledge as her true children those who believe without inspiration.† He goes on further by saying, â€Å"†¦ the mind must be opened to proofs, and must be confirmed by custom and offer itself in humbleness to inspiration, which alone can produce a true saving effect.† Something that has come to my realization through this reading is that with certain religions including Christianity is that it involves a lot of formalities. It is said that it is superstition to put one’s home in formalities and pride to not submit to them. With this being true then one can only expect something from God if they bring the two together. How can one expect anything from god if they have too much pride to conform to a formality like kneeling down, bowing your... Free Essays on Psychology Psychology Psychology plays a major role in almost everything we do. From what we think, to how we see or hear even to how we act there is an explanation for in psychology. There are concepts from psychology that play a role in all our jobs. Although, it is apparent in some jobs more than others. Civil Engineering is one job that isn’t really thought of having a lot to do with psychology, surprisingly it has a lot to do with how the engineers think and how the can perceive objects differently than others. Civil Engineers are able to estimate length more accurately than most people are and they can perceive their designs in their head before even seeing a picture of it. Their ability to look at things and know their lengths and picture in their heads a way to build a bridge is largely related to psychology. Monocular depth cues give the engineers the ability to see three-dimensional. They also are able problem solve better than most people, they use in psychology what they call: working backwards and hierarchical organization. When we try solving problems there is a long process we go through to get to the best solution. You first have to organize the information before doing anything. Whether you realize it or not when you try to solve a problem you look at all logical ways of trying reaching your goal. Some researchers argue that a crucial strategy for solving a problem is a means-end analysis in which you ask yourself over and over as the problem goes on† How can I use the means now available to me to get closer to my goal.† The way that you organize your problem is with subproblems. Subproblems are the secondary problems that arise when you break your problem down. With the subproblems you can come across even more ways to obtain your goal. This way of making secondary problems is called hierarchical organization. Then there are the times that you just can’t seem to find a solutio...

Rubiks Cube - A History of the 1980s Puzzle

Rubiks Cube - A History of the 1980s Puzzle The Rubiks Cube is a cube-shaped puzzle that has nine, smaller squares on each side. When taken out of the box, each side of the cube has all the squares the same color. The goal of the puzzle is to return each side to a solid color after you have turned it a few times. Which seems simple enough- at first. After a few hours, most people who try the Rubiks Cube realize that they  are mesmerized by the puzzle and yet no closer to solving it. The toy, which was first created in 1974 but not released onto the world market until 1980, quickly became a fad  when it hit stores.   Who Created the Rubik's Cube? Ernà ¶ Rubik is the one to praise or to blame, depending on how mad the  Rubiks Cube has driven you. Born on July 13, 1944 in Budapest, Hungary, Rubik combined the divergent talents of his parents (his father was an engineer who designed gliders and his mother was an artist and a poetess) to become both a sculptor and an architect. Fascinated with the concept of space, Rubik spent his free time - while working as a professor at the Academy of Applied Arts and Design in Budapest - designing puzzles that would open his students minds to new ways of thinking about three-dimensional geometry. In the spring of 1974, just shy of his 30th birthday, Rubik envisioned a small cube, with each side constructed of moveable squares. By the fall of 1974, his friends had helped him create the first wooden model of his idea. At first, Rubik just enjoyed watching how the squares moved as he turned one section and then another. However, when he attempted to put the colors back again, he ran into difficulty. Oddly entranced by the challenge, Rubik spent a month turning the cube this way and that way until he finally realigned the colors. When he handed other people the cube and they too had the same fascinated reaction, he realized he might have a toy puzzle on his hands that could really be worth some money. The Rubik's Cube Deputs in Stores In 1975, Rubik made an arrangement with the Hungarian toy-manufacturer Politechnika, who would mass produce the cube. In 1977, the multi-colored cube first appeared in toy stores in Budapest as the Bà ¼và ¶s Kocka (the Magic Cube). Although the Magic Cube was a success in Hungary, getting Hungary, a Communist country, to agree to allow the Magic Cube out to the rest of the world was a bit of a challenge. By 1979, Hungary agreed to share the cube and Rubik signed with the Ideal Toy Corporation. As Ideal Toys prepared to market the Magic Cube to the West, they decided to rename the cube. After considering several names, they settled on calling the toy puzzle Rubiks Cube. The first Rubiks Cubes appeared in Western stores in 1980. A World Obsession Rubiks Cubes instantaneously became an international sensation. Everyone wanted one. It appealed to youngsters as well as adults. There was something  about the little cube that captured everyones full attention. A Rubiks Cube had six sides,  each a different color (traditionally blue, green, orange, red, white, and yellow). Each side of a traditional Rubiks Cube consisted of nine squares, in a three by three grid pattern. Of the 54 squares on the cube, 48 of them could move (the centers on each side were stationary). Rubiks Cubes were simple, elegant, and surprisingly difficult to solve. By 1982, more than 100 million Rubiks Cubes had been sold and most had yet to be solved. Solving the Rubik's Cube While millions of people were stumped, frustrated, and yet still obsessed with their Rubiks Cubes, rumors began to circulate as to how to solve the puzzle. With more than 43 quintillion possible configurations (43,252,003,274,489,856,000 to be exact), hearing that the stationary pieces are the starting point for the solution or solve one side at a time just was not enough information for the layman to solve the Rubiks Cube. In response to the massive demands by the public for a solution, several dozen books were published in the early 1980s, each spouting easy ways to solve your Rubiks Cube. While some Rubiks Cube owners were so frustrated that they began smashing open their cubes for a peek inside (they hoped to discover some inner secret that would help them solve the puzzle), other Rubiks Cube owners were setting speed records. Starting in 1982, the first annual International Rubiks Championships were held in Budapest, where people competed to see who could solve the Rubiks Cube the fastest. These competitions are places for cubers to show off their speed cubing. As of 2015, the current world record is 5.25 seconds, held by Collin Burns of the United States. An Icon Whether a Rubiks Cube fan was a self-solver, speed-cuber, or a smasher, they had all become obsessed with the small, simple-looking puzzle. During the height of its popularity, Rubiks Cubes could be found everywhere - at school, on buses, in movie theaters, and even at work.  The design and colors of Rubiks Cubes also appeared on t-shirts, posters, and board games. In 1983, Rubiks Cube even had its own television show, called Rubik, the Amazing Cube. In this kids show, a talking, flying Rubiks Cube worked with the aid of three children to foil the evil plans of the shows villain. To date, more than 300 million Rubiks Cubes have been sold, making it one of the most popular toys of the 20th century.

A CRITICAL REVIEW OF THE USE OF FACEBOOK AS A SOCIAL MEDIA TECHNIQUE Literature

A CRITICAL OF THE USE OF FACEBOOK AS A SOCIAL MEDIA TECHNIQUE TO PROMOTE SMALL AND MEDIUM SCALE BUSINESS ONLINE - Literature review Example oviding online shopping experience to its customers and over the years this mode of shopping has been very well accepted by the customers (Internet World Stats, 2012a). However the industry had also witnessed a crash of some major companies and it was realised that competing in the age of internet has become more risky and this tool has to be used very wisely so as to gain the competitive edge (Internet World Stats, 2012b). Social media is still being deemed as a transforming power of the present world. It makes marketing more innovative and intellectual. Social media network allow its users to share ideas, events, activities and interests by providing a platform to share news and information, provides different alert services like CAS and SDI, facilitates enhanced consumer knowledge by allowing product reviews, provides information about new products and services and allows businesses to come up with innovative strategies that would help the owners expand the business opportunities among a wide range of customers (Kalmath, 2013; Humphrey and Schmitz, 2002). The activity of a group of people gathering together to share knowledge, views and information by making the use of conversational media is commonly known as Social media (Weinberg, 2009; Kaplan and Haenlein, 2009). There are different forms of social media that SMEs can take advantage of, for example, social book marking, blogs, social networking websites, content writing communities, virtual worlds, micro-blogging sites, online gaming websites, news sites, online forums and many more. Web 2.0 and social media are both, means of communication that share the same features implying both are user-friendly and user-empowering and enhance knowledge sharing (Erdogmus and Cicek, 2012). A company can overcome the problems associated with the conventional methods of marketing, by way of adopting social media marketing strategies. Thus the user will be able to efficiently allocate the available resources to improve

Using either Peter Pan or Elidor, examine the relationship between the Essay

Using either Peter Pan or Elidor, examine the relationship between the real world and the fantasy world - Essay Example f a kind†, and although readers find themselves somewhat confused in drawing a straight line between reality and fantasy, â€Å"there are kinds of writing in which absolute clarity is not a virtue, when for instance, the author has to evoke a mood, to suggest feelings of which his characters are scarcely aware themselves†, and â€Å"clarity appeals to the intellect, but the emotions are often more deeply stirred by something less sharply comprehended†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Mincoff, Marco, â€Å"The Study of Style†, p.10, 13). Many distinguished authors, essayists, critics have written about Peter Pan and the â€Å"Neverland† beginning their works with the famous opening sentence â€Å"All children, except one, grow up†. Many of them use a scientific psychological approach and argue about the Freudian Oedipus complex in the main character, which actually falls into â€Å"the third common area of psychological criticism, that is, the analysis of fictional characters† (â€Å"Literature: An Introduction to Fiction, Poetry, and Drama†, Kennedy, X.J. and Gioia, Dana, p.1398). Hereby, I would try to give my own understanding of the novel and leave scientific arguments to more adequate people for such a difficult task. Before I go into some deeper analysis of the novel itself, let me say that I agree with most of the opinions that we (the people) really wish at one time or another to remain children forever and never grow up, because everyone knows growing up brings too many problems along. A minor proof of this can be found in Goceva-Zdravkovska’s short poems about passage of time: It is obvious that in the three years period between these two short poems, the poet had grown up, and didn’t like it. Many people feel this way, and so did Peter Pan. However, his creator J. M Barrie knowing the boy wanted to remain a boy forever created the â€Å"Neverland† for him as well, and Peter never grew up. Speaking of Peter Pan’s creation and J. M. Barrie, it must be said that the author got the

Rebuttal on Mark Twains the World Is Not Civilized Essay Example for Free

Rebuttal on Mark Twains the World Is Not Civilized Essay Mark Twain says that the human race I cruel, and uncivilized. Unlike the animals, humans have the ability to care for those who are weak, sick, and otherwise unfortunate. In the wild if an animal is sick or weak, they are abandoned by their own species and are, ultimately, a source of food for another. The wounded are killed without a hesitation. Man has compassion, not only for our species but for the others. There are many organizations that are created to help people in need. There is the Red Cross that steps in during an emergency to provide shelter, blood and food to those who need it. There are homeless shelters that take in the homeless to shelter them from the elements. There are soup-kitchens that feed the homeless. There are childrens homes that provide a safe place for orphaned or abandoned children to grow up. There is Breast Cancer Awareness, AIDS foundations, and a society to end world hunger. All of these organizations are founded to help someone or something that is in need. Twain says â€Å"I was aware that many men who have accumulated more millions of money than they can ever use have shown a rabid hunger for more, and have not scrupled to cheat the ignorant and the helpless out of their poor servings in order to partially appease that appetite. Even though it may be true that rich men want to get richer, the wealthy people are the ones that are most charitable. Bill Gates and Warren Buffett, two of the richest men in America, give millions of dollars annually to various foundations and charities that help people all over the world Man also helps the animals. There are many organizations that help animals and the planet. Some of those include PETA and Green Peace. We even try to help the earth. New inventions are being created just to help the earth. They start business just to keep specific animals from going extinct. We share and support other countries. When the hurricane in Haiti happened people helped. Resources were given because of the generosity of man. When countries are in need they are helped. When the flood came to Tennessee the people gave some time for community service. Some people that didn’t get hit by the flood could have done nothing but they decided to help others. Man created governments to stop the fighting. Laws were created in order to have a calm and safe environment. Man Negotiates to prevent wars and battles from happening. We also come up with compromise and treaties in order to get peace. For example the Treaty of Versailles was ratified after negotiating and finally coming to a compromise. We don’t just go ahead and fight who ever walk across our territories like the lions.

Essay --

â€Å"They can have it any colour, as long as it’s black† was famously said by Henry Ford, in reference to his car factory, without realising he was about to create an era that is often referred to as the machine that came in and changed the world. Throughout the essay we will be looking at several aspects of Fordism- its features and its influence on revolutionising the organisational world. Fordism is a hard area to describe, but in brief it refers to the system of mass production and consumption that produced sustained economic growth and widespread material advancement (Jayne, 2006). Before Henry Ford came into the equation and introduced his new working methods, there were several problems already occurring in the working world that Fordism helped to address. For example, there was divided authority between workers and managers, as well as inefficiencies, contradictions of interest and market competition. Whilst Fordism helped improve certain areas of management an d society, there were also a few problems that arose from it. Fordism was truly revolutionary touching all areas of the industrial sector, creating a new scientific management. It brushed away the old fashioned features related to the early 20th century capitalist society whilst at the same time sustaining economic development. Merkle, 1980 states Fordism wasn’t completely compatible with capitalism, however Henry Ford succeeded in slowly eliminating the ‘bubble and glut economy’ (Lind,M., 2013). Ford really pushed the idea of a ‘high-wage, high-demand economy’ (Lind,M., 2013) by paying his workers enough money to afford the cars they produced. This was only at a national level; internationally the export and import of goods and services from industrial nations all... .... Fast food chains, ie. McDonalds require low skilled staff to produce a standardized product and service; just like the production line workers at Ford. Furthermore, expanding on the idea of mass production, it meant that more products were available for a cheaper price and for a wider range of people, which had a big influence in society. Jessop (in Amin, 1994, p. 9) agrees with this as it expresses the idea that Fordism is an industrial paradigm that involves mass production which is its main source of dynamism. Mass production meant that finally there were products available to everyone and not just the higher classes. Ford was all about the welfare of the customers and wanted his products to be available to everyone. This was evident as he said, â€Å"It is not the employer who pays the wages. Employers only handle the money. It is the customer who pays the wages.†

Determining The Sample Design Education Essay

This chapter has every bit chief purpose to look into on the attitude and perceptual experience of pupils about a calling in the touristry industry. This chapter will clarify all the procedure for research used in this survey, it be from job definition phase to the aggregation of informations phase. As the research method is inflowing on the findings of a research, there is the demand to carefully do usage of the proper procedure.Research ProcedureThere has been tremendous assortment of attacks to research. They all suggest that non all research undertakings follow exactly the same sequence of processs. Specifically to this paper, the stairss to utilize are adopted from C.R Kothari ( 2004 ) published book ‘Research Methodology: Methods and Techniques ‘ for its simpleness. Below are the stairss: Explicating the research job Extensive literature reappraisal Fixing the research design Determining the sample design Roll uping the information Execution of the undertaking Analysis of informations Preparation of study3.1 Problem FormulationWhy is it that despite shiping on a touristry instruction trek, touristry pupils incorporating the industry for a calling is one of the chief challenges confronting the sector? The point is why they commit themselves to the plan from the beginning till the terminal, to eventually choosing out of a touristry calling. So this paper aims at supplying a better apprehension of the different factors that may act upon their attitude about such a calling.3.1.1 Research AimsTo catch a sight about whether touristry pupils of University of Mauritius will be be aftering to foster their callings in the Tourism Industry after a 3 A? class in Tourism, Leisure and Recreation Management Assess the variables impacting pupils ‘ pick to incorporate the industry Analyze differences in the sentiment of two different groups of undergraduate pupils ; experienced pupils v/s not experient pupils Identify how touristry undergraduate of the University of Mauritius perceive the Tourism Industry as an employer3.1.2 Research QuestionsWhat is the influence of pupil ‘s sensed nature of work in the touristry industry on their attitude and perceptual experience towards a touristry calling? How does pupil ‘s perceptual experience of societal position in the touristry industry act upon their attitude and perceptual experience towards a touristry calling? How does pupil ‘s perceptual experience of publicity chances in the touristry industry act upon their attitude and perceptual experience towards a touristry calling? How does pupil ‘s perceptual experience of wage and benefits in the touristry industry act upon their attitude and perceptual experience towards a touristry calling? How does pupil ‘s perceptual experience of physical working status in the touristry industry act upon their attitude and perceptual experience towards a touristry calling?3.1.3 Research HypothesesHypothesis testing is concerned with the job of finding whether or non, a statement about the chance distribution of informations, is consistent with the available sample grounds. For the intent of this survey, hypotheses have been developed following the premise of them being the most important determiners for pupils ‘ perceptual experience towards the touristry industry. A conceptual model is proposed to diagrammatically show the hypotheses.Hypothesis One: Nature of work and pupils ‘ attitude and perceptual experience towards a calling in the touristry industry.Nature of work has proved to be a major determiner in pupils ‘ attitude harmonizing to old research. Low wage rate and unsociable working hours has been lending to nature of work being as important. Harmonizi ng to Parsons & A ; Care ( 1991 ) , those two component may negatively impact occupation satisfaction and motive of undergraduates, forcing them out of the industry. Following that review the undermentioned statement for the survey is deduced: H0 There is no important relationship between nature of work and pupils ‘ attitude and perceptual experience towards a calling in the touristry industry. H1 There is important negative relationship between nature of work and pupils ‘ attitude and perceptual experience towards a calling in the touristry industry.Hypothesis Two: Social position and pupils ‘ attitude and perceptual experience towards a calling in the touristry industry.Social position is defined as the award and prestigiousness attached to one ‘s place in a society from a sociological or anthropology point of position ( one ‘s societal place ) . There are two ways how one can gain their societal position. One can have it through his ain accomplishment which is termed as accomplishment position or one can have it by their inherited place which is called ascribed position. The society stratification system is the system which determines the societal position of persons within a society. It has been found that societal position is associated with peculiar businesss within a broad society and this derived from a assortment of occupational factors such as the socially constructed value attributed to the accomplishments present in the business and the place in the labor market occupied by the type of work force and the nature of the work itself ( Watson, 1995, p. 202 ) . Status is considered of import for an employee being satisfied with his occupation and it is considered of import among forces ( Chellen & A ; Nunkoo, 2010 ) . This could along impact on employees ‘ committedness to their work. Tourism occupations have instead have low position. It has been considered non suited for adult female and inferior as compared to other sectors for males ( Chellen & A ; Nunkoo, 2010 ) . Such critics have led to a negative perceptual experience of the sector by possible recruits therefore making that challenge presently confronting the industry. Out of this, it has been as sumed that societal position weighs rather heavy at act uponing pupils where the undermentioned statements are set: H0 There is no important relationship between societal position and pupils ‘ attitude and perceptual experience towards a calling in the touristry industry. H2 There is important relationship between societal position and pupils ‘ attitude and perceptual experience towards a calling in the touristry industry.Hypothesis Three: Physical Working Condition and pupils ‘ attitude and perceptual experience towards a calling in the touristry industry.The on the job status is here concentrating on the working environment, the comfortss, noise degree and grade of safety or danger involved while set abouting a touristry occupation. In several surveies, physical working status scored a grade below demand in the trial for internal consistence and dependability under Cronbach ‘s alpha. But still, Kusluvan and Kusluvan ( 2000 ) in his determiners to prove for attitude of pupils include working status and it has proved to burden well. Included in most surveies, hunts have found that it contributes negatively to the image of the industry. Cloakroom, bathrooms and eating halls of workers are more likely negatively rated. Following this, it has been assumed that working status is a possible factor act uponing pupil attitudes, therefore the undermentioned statements: H0 There is no important relationship between physical working status and pupils ‘ attitude and perceptual experience towards a calling in the touristry industry. H3 There is important relationship between physical status and pupils ‘ attitude and perceptual experience towards a calling in the touristry industry.Hypothesis Four: Wage and benefits, and pupils ‘ attitude and perceptual experience towards a calling in the touristry industry.By and large talking, people look for a occupation to acquire a wage at the terminal of the twenty-four hours. For touristry endeavors, pay demand to be devised in the proper construction so that it worth the attempt put in a occupation. Fringe benefits are progressively deriving importance towards today employees. A combination of the two in a proper designed construction should ease attractive force and keeping of possible recruits for the touristry industry. A proper wages system will heighten the motive of workers already working, therefore impacting on the quality of service bringing. The employee needs on his side to set the needed attempt and utilize the proper accomplishments to cover with the occupation reflecting the wage degree. Harmonizing to Tank ( 1990 ) people by and large leave constitutions because of dissatisfaction with salary mobbing from equals or higher-ups, dissension with human resources direction policies ( Chellen & A ; Nunkoo, 2010 ) . Following the above, it can be assumed that wage and benefits are cardinal determiners on pupils ‘ attitude for a touristry calling, therefore the statements proposed below: H0 There is no important relationship between wage and benefits, and pupils ‘ attitude and perceptual experience towards a calling in the touristry industry. H3 There is important relationship between wage and benefits, and pupil ‘s attitude and perceptual experience towards a calling in the touristry industryHypothesis Five: Promotion and pupils ‘ attitude and perceptual experience towards a calling in the touristry industry.For the coevals Y, turning in an endeavor is of import. Opportunities for growing are the characteristic people looking for while seeking a occupation in the current employment state of affairs and the ground behind are largely increased wage and other personal aims. Generation Y alumnuss are really ambitious and they want to mount up the direction ladder fast, that is why they are loath to come in endeavors offering small publicity chances. In conditions where publicity is unjust, they tend to travel to other sectors where it is instead based on virtue, which enhance their satisfaction as a worker. Therefore, consequently, publicity chances are assumed to be of import for determining student attitude and the statements that follow: H0 There is no important relationship between publicity chances and pupils ‘ attitude and perceptual experience towards a calling in the touristry industry. H4 There is important relationship between publicity chances and pupils ‘ attitude and perceptual experience towards a calling in the touristry industry. Social Status Nature of Work H2 H1 Students ‘ attitude and perceptual experience of a touristry calling Promotion Opportunities Physical Working Condition H3 H4 H5 Pay and BenefitsFigure 1: Proposed Model with the Hypothesized Relationships3.2 Extensive Literature ReviewIn position of geting both theoretical and practical cognition about the subject under survey, a elaborate reading on the topic was done through several beginnings. Further reading was done on the theory applicable to the survey. The chief beginning to garner relevant information for understanding the topic, were the academic diaries on the cyberspace, via Emerald and Ebsco library made available to pupils by the university library. Further articles were available on the Google web site. Readings, increased cognition and informations gathered aid invent the proper hypotheses and design the equal questionnaire. Therefore placing the relevant literatures was of import for the proper running of the survey.3.3 Determine Research DesignResearch design constitutes the blue-print for aggregation, measuring, and analysis of informations. In other words, research design involves the development of the overall program to associate the conceptual research job to the empirical research ( Ghauri et al, 1995 ) . In relation to this survey, both qualitative and quantitative research method will be used.3.3.1 Qualitative ResearchQualitative research is carried out for the intent of depicting, researching, and explicating the phenomena being studied. A tool for qualitative research that fits in this paper is the explorative research.Exploratory ResearchExploratory research is portion of the qualitative method of research and for the current survey, the explorative signifier of research in in the signifier of literature reappraisal.Literature reappraisalA literature reappraisal is an history of what has been published on a subject by commissioned bookmans and research workers. Literature reappraisal was carried out for this paper to garner relevant information and the positions of different writers refering to the research topic. Information was gathered largely about the factors act uponing pupils ‘ attitude, the theory that could be adapted ( Theory of planned behavior ) , touristry instruction and internship as portion of the touristry course of study.3.3.2 Quantitative ResearchA quantitative attack is one in which the research worker chiefly uses post-positivist claims for developing cognition ( i.e. cause and consequence thought, decrease to specific variables and hypotheses and inquiries, usage of measuring and observation, and the trial of theories ) ( Creswell, 2003 ) . To manage the quantitative research, a self-administered questionnaire ( a descriptive method ) will be used as it is the most appropriate instrument to roll up primary informations and earlier likely surveies besides used the same technique ( Jenkins, 2001 ; Purcell & A ; Quinn, 1996 ) . Questionnaire has every bit advantage to let a big figure of respondents and is less colored and intrusive than other methods ( Brunt, 1997 ; Chellen & A ; Nunkoo, 2010 ) ) . Furthermore, it is â€Å" cheaper and quicker † ( Veal, 1998, p. 146 ) and respondents will experience at easiness as they can finish it at their ain gait. To plan the questionnaire some inquiries were borrowed from literatures in the field. The inquiries are in peculiar the statements used to plan the questionnaire ( Chellen & A ; Nunkoo, 2010 ) . Harmonizing to Czaja and Blair ( 2005 ) , borrowing or accommodating inquiries is allowed and could help this research in many ways ( Chellen & A ; Nunkoo ) .3.4 Determine Sample Unit and Sample SizeSampling is the procedure by which persons belonging to a larger mark population are selected for survey ( Martin, 2010 ) . Underliing the survey of pupils ‘ attitude and perceptual experience towards a calling in the touristry industry, the paper will hold as mark population, pupils of the University of Mauritius still undergoing the course of study. For the intent of the research, informations will be collected from a selected sample and the sample size for this research will be the whole figure of undergraduate full-timer touristry pupils at the University of Mauritius. Due to the little size of the mark population, it is more dependable to study all the pupils, at all academic degree. Table 1 below inside informations the figure of registered touristry pupils at the University of Mauritius. Academic degree Number of pupils 1 43 2 33 3 53 4 50 Entire 179Table 2: Number of pupils as per different academic degreeBeginning: Register of the Faculty of Law and ManagementIt is to be noted that pupils of twelvemonth three were really on internship as per the demand of the course of study, on the start of their 3rd twelvemonth. Thus upon the technique opted to roll up information ( the questionnaire ) , 3rd twelvemonth touristry pupils unless those holding reseat faculties, were excluded from the sample as they were out of range.3.5 Pilot TestingPrior to administering the questionnaires to the possible respondents, the questionnaire was pilot tested to prove the relevancy and pertinence of the instrument in the Mauritanian context. As a effect the questionnaire was revised and refined for the study. The questionnaire was pre-tested through 10 respondents from the top-up touristry pupils at the university itself. Upon aggregation the information, three inquiries needed to be added to subdivision B to increase the significance of proving w ork experience. The respondents qualified the questionnaire as being easy to make full and the English linguistic communication rather simplistic. It took the respondents about 10 proceedingss to finish the questionnaire.3.6 Data CollectionDatas required for this paper lies in both primary and secondary informations. As primary informations, information will be collected from a self-administered questionnaire with a multi-dimensional and multi-item attitude graduated table tested and used by Kusluvan and Kusluvan ( 2000 ) followed by Aksu and Koksa ( 2005 ) , while for secondary beginning, informations will be largely collected from relevant academic diaries and cyberspace web sites. The relevant questionnaires were distributed among the undergraduate pupils at the university itself, whichever the academic degree.3.7 Questionnaire StructureThe questionnaire has every bit purpose to garner information about and sentiment of a group of people who are under survey. For the intent of th is paper, a self-administered questionnaire is used which consists of 2 ( A & A ; B ) subdivisions, viz. ; Consists of 9 ( 1-9 ) parts, reciting the 9 factors developed and tested by Kusluvan & A ; Kusluvan ( 2000 ) ; each and every, followed by the relevant inquiries to ease informations aggregation.Section AConsists of inquiries to garner the socio-demographic information of the respondents.Section BFigure 3: Questionnaire Structure3.7.1 Questionnaire DesignThe questionnaire consists of two parts as mentioned above. Section A is subdivided into 9 elements and under each component there is a set of inquiries that allow that for informations aggregation while subdivision B comprises of 9 inquiries. Both dichotomous and multichotomous inquiries will be used to roll up required information. For multichotomous inquiries in subdivision A, based on old surveies, a 5 point likert scale type of evaluation is used. The evaluation is as follows ; Strongly Disagree Disagree Impersonal Agree Strongly Agree Harmonizing to Ross ( 1995 ) , David & A ; Tideswell ( 1998 ) , Bloomquist ( 1998 ) , Okeiyi & A ; Bryant ( 1998 ) and Fraser ( 2000 ) , most researcher believe that 5 or 7 point graduated table is most appropriate to mensurate attitude and committedness, unlike the assorted other measuring methods. For the 2nd subdivision of the questionnaire, largely dichotomous inquiries are used ; the ‘Yes No ‘ inquiries. The inquiries were designed to roll up socio-demographic information of the respondents consisting significantly of pupils ‘ experience.3.8 Execution of the undertakingAs the questionnaire design was completed and approved, the questionnaire was distributed amongst the full clip TLR pupils of their several academic degree at the University of Mauritius during the month of October. To maximise response rate, the category representatives of each academic degree provided their aid upon distribution and guaranting completion of the questionnaires. They were geared to assist for the aggregation of the questionnaire as when the pupils were done with them.3.9 Data AnalysisOnce collected, all quantitative informations were analyzed utilizing the SPSS ( 16.0 ) . Answers were encoded for usage in the SPSS and tabular arraies, charts and figures derived from the anal ysis will be of usage for the analysis presentation.3.10 Preparation of ReportThe last measure in the research procedure is the study readying. It is where, consequences obtained through the study, are used to exemplify the chief findings of the research undertaking. The findings moreover, allows for reading on the attitude and perceptual experience of the pupils at the university on a touristry calling.3.11 Limitation of StudyRestrictions enveloping this survey are chiefly clip and fiscal restraints. Furthermore, the research was geared towards University of Mauritius pupils merely, therefore restricting this survey to be representative of the overall group of touristry pupils in Mauritius. There are other establishments, secondary and third, either public or private offering touristry instruction plans. As the research is limited to University of Mauritius pupils, the findings would non be important to other pupils from other establishments, therefore to the industry in a holistic consideration. Finally, 3rd twelvemonth pupils, were non built-in of the survey since they were all on internship which is portion and partial of the 3rd twelvemonth course of study. This has brought the population of survey to be restricted figure wise.

Agricultural Subsidies and Development

1. The removal agricultural tariffs and subsides, according to Oxfam, would benefit developed nations because their consumers would benefit from lower domestic agricultural prices and the elimination of the taxes they must pay in order to support the subsidies. The producers in the developed world would lose this government protection from competition as well as the financial incentives. I believe there would be a net benefit from changing our agricultural policy because: ? The government program distorts a functioning market. A functioning market allows capital (investment) to flow where it can gain the highest return. If a good or product can be produce more efficiently outside of the United States, the producer and consumer benefit. The benefit to the consumer in lower prices, improved product quality and lower taxes, helps the US economy by increasing the consumer’s buying power. The higher purchasing power changes the US consumers’ outlook on their personal wealth, and thereby their future spending. The so-called wealth effect occurs when consumers’ perception of their finances allow them to spend more of their income. This higher propensity to consume by US consumers should offset the loss of domestic spending on agricultural products. ? The increase of trade also enables the more efficient producer to reciprocate in buying products or services from the US where we have a competitive advantage. Therefore, in addition to the gain in consumer spending from the improvement of consumer purchasing power, the US will gain additionally from purchases from their new trade relationship. 2. I believe that removing agricultural tariffs and subsidies will help the citizens of the world’s poorest nations. As one UN official has noted. â€Å"It’s no good building up roads clinics, and infrastructure in poorer areas if you don’t give them access to markets and engines for growth. † Increasing demand for their products will allow their economy to expand. The increase of employment, and thereby their domestic consumer spending, will have a similar effect as I described above. The higher income will spur domestic spending for other local goods and services. The net effect will be increased domestic wealth, expansion of their consumer spending, and thereby the local economy. Unfortunately foreign aid is frequently poorly managed, although necessary. The most effective program is one that enables the local economy to produce a product or service that is demanded by consumers (locally and / or internationally). 3. Historically government programs protected our agricultural business by creating the necessary supports to make farming a sustainable business. Today developed nations continue to lavish extensive support on agricultural producers in spite of the fact that the agricultural production in most developed countries is self sufficient. In the US, the agricultural industry in many states has a very powerful political lobby. Both political parties will agree to support government subsidies in order to win the support of the agricultural lobbies. The politicians often claim that their motive is to preserve a historic rural lifestyle, and they see subsidies as a way of achieving that goal. This sentiment is still believed by many voters, as some small farms do exist, but the vast amount of the $300 billion in subsidies per year go major agricultural businesses. Perhaps one reason why this is overlooked is due to the efficiency of US agriculture. The highly efficient businesses in most developed counties produce products at historically low prices. Today’s US consumer spends less than 10% of their income on food. As food prices rises, due to the falling US dollar, and the growing global economy increases demand for food products, we may be forced to spend more of income on food, and then the focus on the agricultural subsidies and tariffs may get more attention.

LEFEBVRE Surname Meaning and Family History

LEFEBVRE Surname Meaning and Family History A derivation of the French occupational name Fevre, which described an iron-worker or smith, Lefebvre derives from the Old French fevre, meaning craftsman. Similar French surnames include Fabre, Faivre, Faure, and Lefà ¨vre. Lefebvre  is the French equivalent of the English surname SMITH. Surname Origin: French Alternate Surname Spellings:  LEFEBVRES, LEFEVRES, FAVRES, FEBVRE, FEBVRES, FAVRE, LEFABRE, LEFABRES, LEFEVRE, LEFEUVRE, LEFEUBRE, FABER, LEFEBURE   Famous People with the LEFEBVRESurname Henri Lefebvre  - French Marxist philosopher and sociologistMarcel Franà §ois Marie Joseph  Lefebvre -  French Roman Catholic archbishopJames Kenneth Jim Lefebvre  - former MLB baseball player, manager and coach; television actorArthur Henry Lefebvre - British scientist and engineerRenà © Lefebvre - French factory owner; active in the French resistanceFranà §ois Joseph Lefebvre  - French marshal during the Napoleonic wars Where is the LEFEBVRESurname Most Common? According to surname distribution from Forebears, Lefebvre is one of the most common surnames in France, ranking as the 17th most frequently used surname in the country. It is also fairly common in other countries with at least a partial French-speaking population, including Canada, New Caledonia and Belgium. WorldNames PublicProfiler  tells us that Lefebvre is found  most commonly throughout northern France, especially in the departments of Eure, Seine-Maritime, Somme, Pas-de-Calais and Nord.   Genealogy Resources for the Surname LEFEBVRE Meanings of Common French SurnamesUncover the meaning of your French last name with this free guide to the meanings and origins of common French surnames. How to Research French AncestryIf you are one of those people who have avoided delving into your French ancestry due to fears that the research would be too difficult, then wait no more! France is a country with excellent genealogical records, and it is very likely that you will be able to trace your French roots back several generations once you understand how and where the records are kept. Lefebvre  Family Crest - Its Not What You ThinkContrary to what you may hear, there is no such thing as a Lefebvre  family crest or coat of arms for the Lefebvre surname.  Coats of arms are granted to individuals, not families, and may rightfully be used only by the uninterrupted male line descendants of the person to whom the coat of arms was originally granted. LEFEBVRE  Family Genealogy ForumThis free message board is focused on descendants of Lefebvre  ancestors around the world. FamilySearch - LEFEBVRE  GenealogyExplore over 500,000 results from digitized  historical records and lineage-linked family trees related to the Lefebvre  surname on this free website hosted by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. LEFEBVRE  Surname Mailing ListFree mailing list for researchers of the Lefebvre  surname and its variations includes subscription details and a searchable archives of past messages. DistantCousin.com - LEFEBVRE  Genealogy Family HistoryExplore free databases and genealogy links for the last name Lefebvre. GeneaNet - Lefebvre  RecordsGeneaNet includes archival records, family trees, and other resources for individuals with the Lefebvre  surname, with a concentration on records and families from France and other European countries. The Lefebvre  Genealogy and Family Tree PageBrowse genealogy records and links to genealogical and historical records for individuals with the Lefebvre  surname from the website of Genealogy Today.- References: Surname Meanings Origins Cottle, Basil.  Penguin Dictionary of Surnames. Baltimore, MD: Penguin Books, 1967. Dorward, David.  Scottish Surnames. Collins Celtic (Pocket edition), 1998. Fucilla, Joseph.  Our Italian Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 2003. Hanks, Patrick and Flavia Hodges.  A Dictionary of Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1989. Hanks, Patrick.  Dictionary of American Family Names. Oxford University Press, 2003. Reaney, P.H.  A Dictionary of English Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1997. Smith, Elsdon C.  American Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 1997. Back toGlossary of Surname Meanings Origins

Rujm el-Hiri (Golan Heights) - Ancient Observatory

Rujm el-Hiri (Golan Heights) - Ancient Observatory Sixteen kilometers east of the Sea of Galilee in the western part of the historic Bashan plain of the Golan Heights (a contested area claimed by both Syria and Israel) are the ruins of a most unusual structure, which scholars believe was built at least in part for archaeoastronomical purposes. Located at 515 meters above sea level, Rujm el-Hiri consists of a central cairn with a set of concentric rings encircling it. Built during the late Chalcolithic or Early Bronze Age about 5000 years ago, Rujm el-Hiri (also called Rogem Hiri or Gilgal Rephaim) is made of an estimated 40,000 tons of uncut black volcanic basalt field stones piled and wedged into between five and nine concentric rings (depending on how you count them), with heights reaching to 1 to 2.5 meters (3-8 feet) high. Nine Rings at Rujm el-Hiri The outermost, largest ring (Wall 1) measures 145 meters (475 feet) east-west and 155 m (500 ft) north-south. The wall measures consistently between 3.2-3.3 m (10.5-10.8 ft) thick, and in places stands up to 2 m (6 ft) in height. Two openings into the ring are currently blocked by fallen boulders: the northeastern measures some 29 m (95 ft) wide; the southeastern opening measures 26 m (85 ft). Not all of the internal rings are complete; some of them are more oval than Wall 1, and in particularly, Wall 3 has a pronounced bulge to the south. Some of the rings are connected by a series of 36 spoke-like walls, which make up chambers, and seem to be randomly spaced. At the center of the innermost ring is a cairn protecting a burial; the cairn and burial come after the initial construction of the rings by perhaps as long as 1500 years. The cairn is an irregular stone heap measuring some 20-25 m (65-80 ft) in diameter and 4.5-5 m (15-16 ft) in height. Dating the Site Very few artifacts have been recovered from Rujm el-Hiri, and no suitable organic materials have been recovered for radiocarbon dating. Based on what little artifacts were recovered, the earliest constructions were the rings during the Early Bronze Age, of the 3rd millennium BC; the cairn was built during the late Bronze Age of the late 2nd millennium. The huge structure (and a series of dolmens nearby) may be the origin of the myths of the ancient race of giants, mentioned in the Old Testament of the Judeo-Christian bible as led by Og, King of the Bashan. Archaeologists Yonathan Mizrachi and Anthony Aveni, studying the structure since the late 1980s, have another possible interpretation: a celestial observatory. Summer Solstice at Rujm el Hiri Recent work by Aveni and Mizrachi has noted that the entranceway to the center opens on sunrise of the summer solstice. Other notches in the walls indicate the spring and fall equinoxes. Excavations into the walled chambers did not recover artifacts indicating that the rooms were ever used either for storage or residence. Calculations of when the astronomical alignments would have matched stars supports the dating of the rings at having been built at about 3000 BC /- 250 years. The walls at Rujm el-Hiri seem to have pointed to star-risings for the period, and may have been predictors of the rainy season, a crucial bit of information for the sheep herders of the Bashan plain in 3000 BC. Sources This glossary entry is a part of the About.com guide to Astronomical Observatories, and the Dictionary of Archaeology. Aveni, Anthony and Yonathan Mizrachi 1998 The Geometry and Astronomy of Rujm el-Hiri, a Megalithic Site in the Southern Levant. Journal of Field Archaeology 25(4):475-496. Polcaro A, and Polcaro VF. 2009. Man and sky: problems and methods of Archaeoastronomy. Archeologia e Calcolatori 20:223-245. Neumann F, Schà ¶lzel C, Litt T, Hense A, and Stein M. 2007. Holocene vegetation and climate history of the northern Golan heights (Near East). Vegetation History and Archaeobotany 16(4):329-346.

Ella's Family Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Ella's Family - Essay Example These include the doctor, the patient and the patient’s family. The situation is even further complicated when the different members of the patient’s family don’t agree with regard to what is the best decision to make. This seems to be the case with Ella’s family where her decision with regard to how her treatment and end of life should be handled differs with her husband. Her family also seems to be in disagreement. With terminal illness comes the choice of death for the patient and sometimes the doctor. This comes with a number of social and cultural issues. Many cultures have not internalized the idea of doctor aided patient death for terminal patients. While the doctor may decide that it is better for the patient to stop her treatment and die with dignity, the patient and the family may ask that the patient continues with treatment until she dies a natural death (Wheatley and Baker, 2007). Even in cases where the patient may decide to have a physician-aided end of life, her family may not agree, especially due to cultural beliefs about death and life. In Ella’s case, this seems to be the case. Her husband of Indian decent does not seem to be very open with the idea of her stopping to take treatment and eventually ending her life. There are various medical issues that arise in cases such as Ellas. First, the doctors must be able to understand that they have to take the wellbeing of the patient in a serious manner. It is necessary for the doctor involved in the situation to make sure that the best medical outcome is achieved. In a case where the patient is in a terminal condition, the doctor has to make sure that the patient is willing to go on with the treatment, it should be the patient’s choice that it most relevant (Garrett, 1993). The doctor has to face the difficult decision of having to tell the paint and those who care about her (family, friends)